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Real questions from Singapore business owners, answered plainly. Each topic links back to its full service or industry page.

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General Services Industries

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How much do your accounting services cost?

Most SMEs pay a fixed monthly fee based on transaction volume, so there are no surprise bills. We quote precisely after a free consultation, and the fee only changes when your business does.

No surprise bills!

Can you take over from my current accountant?

Yes. We handle the handover directly, records, ledgers and filings, and most transitions complete within a month without disruption to your operations.

Do I need a corporate secretary if my company is small?

Every Singapore company must appoint a corporate secretary within six months of incorporation, regardless of size. We act as named secretary registered on ACRA and keep your statutory registers and filings current.

Which is better for me, Xero or QuickBooks?

Both are excellent. The right choice depends on your industry, volume and integrations, as certified partners of both, we will recommend the one that fits and set it up for you.

We also adopt and adapt existing software if you already have one running!

What are the key compliance deadlines for a Singapore company?

The main ones: Estimated Chargeable Income within 3 months of financial year end, corporate tax Form C-S or Form C by 30 November, annual return to ACRA within 7 months of year end, GST returns one month after each quarter, and CPF by the 14th of the following month. We diarise all of them for every client so nothing depends on memory.

When must a company file its annual return with ACRA?

A private company files its annual return within 7 months after its financial year end. Filing late attracts penalties and can affect officers, so we lodge it well before the deadline as part of our corporate secretarial work.

When do I need to register for GST in Singapore?

Registration is compulsory once taxable turnover exceeds S$1 million over the past 12 months or is expected to within the next 12. Voluntary registration below the threshold is possible and sometimes advantageous. We monitor your run rate and advise before the line is crossed.

Does my company need an audit?

Most SMEs do not. A company is audit-exempt as a small company if it meets 2 of 3 criteria for the past 2 years:

 - revenue up to S$10 million
 - assets up to S$10 million
 - up to 50 employees.

Group rules apply if you have subsidiaries, and we assess this for you.

Can you work with the software I already use?

Almost always yes. Accpac, Sage, SAP, MYOB and other enterprise level tools are some of the software we work with too.

We are certified on Xero and QuickBooks and work with common POS, inventory and payroll tools. If your current setup fights you, we recommend and handle a migration.

How fast can you take over my accounts?

Typically within one to two weeks. We collect records from you or your previous accountant, set up or tidy the software, and agree the monthly rhythm. Backlogs are cleared in parallel so the switch never waits on history.

About Ian & Son

Who will actually handle my account?

A named team. The people you meet are the people who do the work and answer your messages, and they stay with your account rather than rotating.

What does the Ian & Son name cover?

Ian & Son refers to the Ian & Son network and/or one or more of its member firms, each of which is a separate legal entity. Contact us to learn more about the structure.

Where are you located?

We are based in central Singapore and work with clients across the island. Most day-to-day contact happens over WhatsApp, email and video call, with meetings when they genuinely help.

What certifications does the team hold?

The practice is a Xero Gold Partner with Level 1 and Level 2 certified professionals and accredited Migration Specialists, and we are QuickBooks ProAdvisors. Certification is maintained, not historical.

What size of business do you serve?

From first incorporation to multi-entity groups. The common thread is an owner who wants the administrative side handled properly without building an internal finance department.

Why do clients usually switch to you?

Three reasons repeat: responsiveness, readable reporting and predictable fees. Most arrivals follow a season of unanswered emails somewhere else.

Is my financial data kept confidential?

Yes. Client records live in access-controlled cloud systems, staff sign confidentiality undertakings, and we never discuss client affairs with third parties without written consent. Confidentiality survives the engagement ending.

Who owns the accounting software subscription?

You do, wherever possible. The Xero or QuickBooks subscription sits in your name so your data is always yours, even if you ever leave us. We simply hold advisor access.

Is the work done in Singapore or outsourced overseas?

Your named team is our own staff and your books are handled under Singapore standards. We do not pass client work to third-party overseas processors.

How many clients does each team handle?

Enough to stay sharp and few enough to know each business personally. The person who answers your message is the person who does the work, which is the entire point of our model.

Contact Us

How fast will I actually hear back?

Within one working day and usually much sooner. WhatsApp gets the quickest response because we monitor it through the day.

What should I prepare before contacting you?

Nothing formal. Your company name and a rough sense of where the books stand is plenty. If records are messy or missing, say so; that is normal and fixable.

Can you take over from another accountant mid-year?

Yes. We handle the handover directly with your previous accountant, collect the records and pick up from wherever they stopped.

Is the first consultation really free?

Yes. Thirty minutes, free, with no obligation to engage us afterwards. If we are not the right fit we will say so and point you somewhere sensible.

What happens after I send a message?

A subject matter expert reads it the same working day and replies with either an answer or a suggested time for a short call. No autoresponders and no ticket numbers.

Can you meet at our office instead?

Yes. For established engagements we are happy to meet at your premises where that is easier, and video calls cover most routine matters.

Will you sign a non-disclosure agreement?

Yes, if your situation calls for one. Our standard engagement already carries strict confidentiality terms that cover everything you share.

How do you quote fees?

After a short conversation about volume and scope, you receive a fixed monthly fee in writing. The quote lists exactly what is included, and it changes only when your business changes.

Services

Our Services

Do I have to take all your services together?

No. Many clients start with one service, often bookkeeping or corporate secretarial, and add more when it makes sense. Everything is priced separately and clearly.

How do your fixed monthly fees work?

We quote a fee based on your transaction volume and the services you need. It stays the same every month and only changes when your business does.

Can you work with my existing software?

Yes. We are certified partners of both Xero and QuickBooks, and we can also migrate you from spreadsheets or legacy systems as part of onboarding.

Accounting Services

How much does accounting cost in Singapore?

Most SMEs pay a fixed monthly fee scoped to transaction volume, typically starting from a few hundred dollars for straightforward books. You get an exact written quote after a short conversation, and it changes only when your business does.

Should my books be done monthly or quarterly?

Monthly suits businesses that watch cash, margins or outlets closely, while quarterly can be enough for holding companies and very small operations. The GST cycle often decides it, since GST-registered businesses need quarter-end accuracy anyway.

What documents do you need from me each month?

Bank statements arrive by feed, so mostly sales reports, supplier invoices and receipts, uploaded by photo or email as they happen. Most clients spend under half an hour a month sending us things.

My books are years behind. Can you fix that?

Yes, catch-up work is routine for us. We reconstruct from bank records and whatever documents survive, file the overdue returns, and then move you onto a normal monthly rhythm.

Do you provide management reports?

Yes. Monthly or quarterly you receive profit and loss, balance sheet, cash position and receivables aging, in plain English with the numbers that matter flagged.

Which accounting standards apply to my company?

Most SMEs report under SFRS for Small Entities, which simplifies disclosures. Larger or group companies use full SFRS. We apply the framework that fits your size and your stakeholders.

Can you handle multi-currency books?

Yes. Foreign currency invoices, bank accounts and revaluations are set up properly in Xero or QuickBooks so exchange differences are tracked rather than discovered at year end.

What is XBRL and does my company need it?

XBRL is the structured format ACRA requires for financial statements from most companies that file them. Exemptions exist for some small and solvent exempt private companies. We prepare and validate the filing where it applies.

Outsourced Accounting

How is this different from basic bookkeeping?

Bookkeeping records what happened. Outsourced accounting also runs the process: bills get paid on schedule, invoices go out, debtors get chased and reports arrive without being asked for, the way an in-house finance department would work.

Who approves payments?

You do, always. We prepare and schedule; nothing leaves your bank without your explicit approval. Most clients approve payment runs weekly in a few minutes.

What does it cost compared to hiring?

Typically well below the cost of one full-time accounts executive once CPF, leave and turnover risk are counted, and you get a team with maker-checker controls rather than one person.

How do you hand over if we build an in-house team later?

The documented procedures become your operations manual and we run a structured handover. Graduating to an in-house team is a normal, healthy outcome.

Can you start mid-year with messy books?

Yes. We quote a one-time clean-up to bring the ledgers current, then move to the monthly rhythm. Most starts happen exactly this way.

What software do you work in?

Your own Xero or QuickBooks subscription plus the tools connected to it. Everything stays visible to you in real time, and the data remains yours.

How is outsourced accounting different from hiring a bookkeeper?

You get a whole team with senior review, cover during leave, and software expertise for less than one junior salary. Nothing depends on a single person remembering things.

Can we keep issuing our own invoices?

Yes. Many clients keep invoicing in-house while we handle everything after the invoice. The split is written into the scope so nothing falls between us.

What turnaround do you commit to?

Routine questions within one working day, month-end reports on an agreed date each month, and urgent items flagged as such get same-day attention.

Will we still understand our own numbers?

Better than before. Reports come in plain English with a short commentary, and we walk you through anything unclear. The goal is a business owner who reads their own numbers confidently.

Cloud Accounting

Will I lose my old data?

No. Historical balances and open items are migrated and reconciled before we switch over, and comparative figures survive so year-on-year reports still work.

Which plan should I buy?

We advise on the right subscription tier for your volume and features, and as partners we often have access to partner pricing. You never pay for capacity you do not use.

Is cloud accounting safe?

Xero and QuickBooks hold stronger security certifications than any office server, with bank-level encryption, two-factor authentication and full audit trails on every change.

Can it handle Singapore GST?

Yes, both platforms handle Singapore GST natively. We configure the tax codes correctly at setup so quarterly filing becomes a report rather than a reconstruction.

What happens if we leave Ian & Son?

The subscription, data and history are yours. We believe that is exactly why clients stay: because they are free to go.

How long does migration take?

A typical SME migration completes within two to four weeks, including historical data, training and one parallel month where we verify the new books against the old.

Xero or QuickBooks, which should I choose?

Both are excellent for Singapore SMEs. Xero tends to suit service businesses and heavy bank-feed use, QuickBooks often suits inventory-led operations. We are certified on both and recommend based on your workflows, not our preference.

How long does a migration to cloud accounting take?

A typical migration completes within two to four weeks including opening balances, contact lists and unreconciled items, timed around a month end so cutover is tidy.

Will my historical data come across?

Balances and open items always. Full transaction history can often be brought over or preserved read-only in the old system, and we advise what is worth the effort.

Is cloud accounting safe for financial data?

Xero and QuickBooks run bank-grade encryption with two-factor authentication, and access is permissioned per user. It is considerably safer than spreadsheets on a laptop.

Financial Reporting

Do audit-exempt companies still need financial statements?

Yes. Every company must prepare financial statements that comply with SFRS even when no audit is required. Audit exemption removes the auditor, not the statements.

What is a compilation report?

A formal set of financial statements compiled by a professional accountant for an audit-exempt company, commonly requested by banks and government agencies as a mark of reliability.

Can you work with our auditor?

Yes. We prepare the statements and supporting schedules and answer the auditor's queries directly, which typically shortens the audit and its fee.

How fast can you produce statements?

With clean books, a standard set is usually ready within two weeks. Backlogged or complex cases take longer and we quote the timeline honestly before starting.

Do you prepare group or consolidated statements too?

Yes, consolidation is a dedicated service. See our consolidated financial statements page for how group reporting works.

When are unaudited financial statements enough?

Audit-exempt small companies can file unaudited statements prepared under SFRS. Banks and grants sometimes ask for more, and we prepare what your stakeholders actually require.

What goes into a full set of financial statements?

Directors statement, profit and loss, balance sheet, cash flows, equity movements and notes under the applicable SFRS framework. We prepare the complete pack ready for filing or audit.

Can you liaise with our auditors?

Yes. We prepare the audit schedules, answer queries and manage the back-and-forth so the audit costs less of your time and often less in fees.

How fast can you produce statements for a bank request?

From clean books, days rather than weeks. If the books need work first we quote the catch-up honestly and sequence it so the bank gets its pack as fast as the records allow.

Consolidated Financial Statements

When do I need consolidated statements?

Broadly, when your company controls one or more subsidiaries and no exemption applies. Common for investment holding and multi-outlet structures. We assess your specific position before quoting.

Our subsidiaries use different systems. Is that a problem?

No. We map each entity's trial balance into a common consolidation format regardless of the software it runs on.

What are inter-company eliminations?

Transactions between group companies, loans, management fees, internal sales, must be removed so the group statements show only dealings with the outside world. Clean inter-company records make this routine.

Can you also handle each subsidiary's own accounts?

Yes. Many groups give us the whole stack: entity-level books, the group consolidation and XBRL for every company. One team, one calendar, no finger-pointing between firms.

Does the group need an audit?

The small-company audit exemption applies at group level too: the group as a whole must meet the size criteria. We check this early because it changes the timeline.

When is consolidation required?

A Singapore parent generally prepares consolidated statements unless exemptions apply, such as qualifying intermediate holding companies. We assess your structure against the actual criteria.

How are inter-company balances handled?

They are reconciled and eliminated on consolidation. We keep a schedule through the year so year-end elimination is mechanical rather than archaeological.

Can you consolidate foreign subsidiaries?

Yes. Foreign currency statements are translated under SFRS rules with differences taken to the translation reserve, and we work from your overseas accountants' trial balances.

Do dormant subsidiaries still get consolidated?

They remain part of the group picture unless disposed of, though their effort is minimal. Sometimes striking off a dormant entity is the cheaper answer, and we will say so.

XBRL Preparation

Does my company need full or simplified XBRL?

It depends on solvency, size and shareholder structure. We check your position against the current ACRA requirements and prepare the correct format.

Can you fix a rejected XBRL file?

Yes. We take over rejected or error-laden filings, correct the mapping and re-validate until ACRA accepts. This is a fixed-fee rescue, not an hourly meter.

How fast is turnaround?

Straightforward sets are usually ready within three working days of receiving the financial statements. Urgent annual-return deadlines can be accommodated. Tell us the date and we will be honest about feasibility.

Do you need anything besides the financial statements?

Usually not. The signed financial statements and your ACRA entity profile are enough for us to map, validate and file.

Is XBRL filed separately from the annual return?

No, the XBRL financial statements are attached as part of the annual return lodgement. We handle both together so nothing falls between two stools.

Who is exempt from XBRL filing?

Solvent exempt private companies generally file only a declaration instead of full XBRL, and some categories file simplified XBRL. We confirm your exact obligation before any work is quoted.

What is simplified versus full XBRL?

Smaller and non-publicly-accountable companies may file the simplified template with fewer data elements; others file full XBRL. The distinction follows ACRA criteria we apply for you.

What happens if XBRL validation fails?

BizFinx rejections come from mapping or data errors. We validate before submission, so failures are resolved on our desk rather than after a rejected filing.

Can you do XBRL for statements another firm prepared?

Yes. We regularly convert externally prepared financial statements into validated XBRL, quoted as a one-off piece of work.

Tax Services

What is the corporate tax rate in Singapore?

A flat 17% on chargeable income, before exemptions. The partial exemption reduces the effective rate substantially for most SMEs, and qualifying new companies enjoy startup exemptions in their first three years of assessment.

When is corporate tax due?

Estimated Chargeable Income is filed within 3 months of year end unless your company qualifies for the filing waiver, and the Form C-S or C return is due by 30 November. Payment follows the notice of assessment, with instalment plans available on GIRO.

What is the difference between Form C-S and Form C?

Form C-S is the simplified return for companies with revenue up to S$5 million meeting specific conditions, and C-S Lite simplifies further for revenue up to S$200,000. Form C is the full return with financial statements and computation attached. We file whichever applies.

Can my company skip filing ECI?

Yes if it qualifies for the waiver: annual revenue of S$5 million or less and nil ECI. We check the conditions each year rather than assume.

What expenses are not deductible?

Common culprits: private car expenses, fines and penalties, capital expenditure claimed as expense instead of allowances, and certain provisions. The computation adds these back, and we tell you which recurring items cost you deductions.

How do unutilised losses work?

Trade losses and capital allowances can generally be carried forward against future income subject to shareholding continuity tests, carried back one year within limits, or transferred within a qualifying group. Which route is best depends on where profits sit.

What triggers an IRAS query or audit?

Unusual margins, large one-off claims, related-party transactions and persistent losses attract attention. Clean documentation answers most queries in one letter, which is why our computations come with schedules already prepared.

Do you handle voluntary disclosures for past errors?

Yes. IRAS treats unprompted disclosure far more gently than discovery. We quantify the issue, prepare the disclosure and manage it to closure.

Corporate Tax

How can I legally reduce my company tax?

Claim every exemption and allowance you already qualify for, time capital purchases before year end where sensible, structure remuneration deliberately and use losses properly. Legitimate planning is about completeness and timing, not schemes.

Are director fees deductible?

Yes when properly approved and commercially justifiable. Timing of approval matters for when the deduction lands, and we manage the resolutions with our corporate secretarial team.

What is shareholding continuity?

Carried-forward losses and allowances survive only if substantially the same shareholders hold the company at the relevant dates. Share transfers can silently destroy them, so we check before any restructuring.

Is foreign income taxable in Singapore?

Foreign-sourced income is generally taxed when remitted to Singapore, with exemptions for qualifying dividends, branch profits and service income. Whether to remit and when is a planning decision we model with you.

Do you represent us if IRAS asks questions?

Yes. Queries come to us first, we draft the response with supporting schedules and you approve before anything is sent.

Form C / C-S Filing

When is the corporate tax return due?

By 30 November each year for the preceding year of assessment, filed electronically. We lodge well ahead so nothing rides on portal traffic in the final week.

What happens if the return is filed late?

IRAS imposes penalties and can raise an estimated assessment which you then must displace. Persistent non-filing escalates to summonses. A maintained calendar makes this academic.

Can I amend a return after filing?

Yes, through an objection or amendment within prescribed timelines. We prepare the revised computation and manage the correspondence.

What is ECI and why does it matter?

Estimated Chargeable Income is an early estimate of your taxable profit filed within 3 months of year end unless waived. Filing early starts instalment plans earlier, which spreads the cash impact.

I received a notice of assessment I disagree with. What now?

An objection must be filed within 2 months of the notice. We review the assessment, quantify the difference and lodge the objection with grounds.

Tax Computation

What are capital allowances?

The tax substitute for depreciation on qualifying plant and machinery, claimable over one to three years or the asset's prescribed life. Timing elections change your tax cash flow, and we choose them deliberately.

Can renovation costs be deducted?

Qualifying renovation and refurbishment expenditure is deductible over three years within a cap. Design fees and certain works are excluded, so the split matters and we document it.

How are donations treated?

Qualifying donations to IPCs attract an enhanced deduction, currently 250%. Only IPC-receipted gifts count, and we reconcile claims to receipts.

What private expenses get added back?

Private vehicle costs, personal portions of mixed expenses, fines and capital items. We flag recurring add-backs so you can restructure them where legitimate alternatives exist.

Do you prepare computations for other firms' clients?

Yes. Some accountants outsource just the computation and filing to us, quoted as standalone work.

GST Registration & Filing

When must I register for GST?

When taxable turnover exceeds S$1 million over the past 12 months, or when you expect it to within the next 12. The application deadline after crossing is tight, and late registration can mean accounting for GST you never collected.

Is voluntary registration worth it?

If your customers are mostly GST-registered businesses and your input costs carry GST, often yes. If you sell to consumers, registration effectively raises your prices. We model your actual mix before advising.

How often are GST returns filed?

Quarterly for most businesses, due one month after each quarter end, with payment by the same date on GIRO or earlier otherwise.

What is the GST rate now?

The prevailing rate is 9%. Zero-rating applies to exports and certain international services with the right documentation, and some supplies are exempt.

We made errors in past GST returns. What now?

Corrections go through Form F7, and IRAS treats voluntary correction far better than discovery in an audit. We quantify, correct and tighten the process that caused it.

Can you handle deregistration too?

Yes. When turnover falls or a business winds down we assess the position, handle the final return including deemed supplies, and deregister cleanly.

Group Tax Relief

Which companies qualify for group relief?

Singapore-incorporated companies in a 75% ordinary shareholding relationship, directly or through another Singapore company, meeting the profit and asset entitlement tests, with the same financial year end.

What can be transferred?

Current-year unutilised trade losses, capital allowances and donations. Brought-forward amounts stay with the company that incurred them.

Do both companies need the same year end?

Yes, transferor and claimant must share the same accounting year end for the relevant year. Aligning year ends is often the first practical step, and we manage the change.

Is group relief worth it for small groups?

Frequently yes. Even one loss-making entity beside one profitable one can save five figures in a year. The check costs little because the computations are being prepared anyway.

Can group relief be claimed on Form C-S?

No. Companies claiming or surrendering group relief file Form C. We handle the form implications as part of the claim.

Withholding Tax

Which payments to foreigners need withholding?

The common ones for SMEs: interest, royalties and software licences, service fees for work performed in Singapore, equipment rental and non-resident director fees. Pure offshore services generally do not, but the facts decide and we classify each payment type once.

What are the withholding tax rates?

Interest is commonly 15% and royalties 10% before treaty relief, services attract the prevailing corporate rate and non-resident director remuneration a higher final rate. Treaties often reduce these, which is exactly the analysis we run per payment.

When must withholding tax be paid to IRAS?

File and pay by the 15th of the second month following the date of payment to the non-resident. Late filing attracts penalties on top of the tax.

Can tax treaties reduce the withholding?

Yes, Singapore's treaty network frequently lowers rates on interest and royalties, sometimes to zero. Relief requires the recipient's certificate of residence, which we obtain and file properly.

We have never withheld on past payments. What now?

A voluntary disclosure cleans it up at far lower cost than discovery. We quantify the exposure, file the disclosure and negotiate instalments where needed.

Corporate Secretarial Services

Is a company secretary mandatory in Singapore?

Yes. Every company must appoint a secretary within 6 months of incorporation, and the position cannot be vacant for more than 6 months. The secretary must be a Singapore resident.

What does a company secretary actually do?

Maintains the statutory registers, prepares resolutions and minutes, files with ACRA on time, and keeps directors informed of their obligations. Done well it is invisible; done badly it produces penalties.

How much do corporate secretarial services cost?

A fixed annual or monthly fee depending on how active your company is with changes and resolutions. The quote is in writing before we start and includes the routine annual filings.

Can a foreigner own 100% of a Singapore company?

Yes. Singapore allows full foreign ownership. You need at least one locally resident director, and we can advise on structures that satisfy this properly.

Does my company need to hold an AGM?

Private companies can be exempt from holding AGMs if financial statements are sent to members within 5 months of year end and no member requests one. We manage the timeline either way.

Can I switch corporate secretary mid-year?

Yes, at any time. We handle the takeover including collecting registers and filing the change with ACRA. Your compliance calendar does not miss a beat.

What records must a company keep by law?

Statutory registers including the register of registrable controllers, minutes and resolutions, and accounting records for at least 5 years. We maintain the registers and tell you exactly what to retain.

What happens if annual filings are late?

ACRA imposes late lodgement penalties on the company and enforcement can extend to officers for repeated breaches. IRAS separately penalises late tax filings. A maintained compliance calendar makes the whole question academic.

Incorporation Services

How long does incorporation take?

With documents in order, a standard Pte Ltd is usually registered within one to two working days. Name approval is often same-day unless the name requires referral to a relevant authority for further approval.

What do I need to provide?

Identification for directors and shareholders, the intended business activity, a registered address and the share structure. We guide you through each item in one short call.

Can foreigners incorporate in Singapore?

Yes, with at least one Singapore-resident director. We advise on nominee arrangements and the work pass routes that let a founder eventually take the director role themselves.

What compliance starts immediately after incorporation?

A corporate secretary within six months, a registered office, statutory registers from day one, and a financial year end that sets your filing calendar. Our first-year calendar lays all of it out.

Do I need a physical office?

No, but you need a registered address that can receive official mail. A home address or a registered-office service both work; we help you weigh them.

What does incorporation cost all-in?

The ACRA fees are fixed and modest; the real variable is what surrounds them. We quote one package price covering registration, constitution, first resolutions and the secretary appointment, so there is no drip pricing.

What do I need to incorporate a Singapore company?

A company name, at least one shareholder, one locally resident director, a Singapore registered address, a secretary within 6 months and paid-up capital from as little as S$1. We assemble all of it with you.

Should I start as a sole proprietorship or a company?

A company gives limited liability, a 17% corporate rate with startup exemptions, and easier banking and hiring. Sole proprietorships are simpler but expose personal assets. We advise on your actual numbers.

What startup tax exemptions will my new company get?

Qualifying new companies get significant exemptions on their first S$200,000 of chargeable income for the first 3 years of assessment, subject to conditions. We structure the first years to use them properly.

Ongoing Compliance

What deadlines does a Singapore company face each year?

At minimum: AGM or written resolutions within six months of FYE, annual return within seven months, ECI within three months, and the tax return by 30 November. GST-registered businesses add quarterly filings.

What is the register of registrable controllers?

A statutory register of the individuals or entities that ultimately own or control the company, generally those above 25 percent ownership or control. It must be kept current and lodged with ACRA.

What if my company is already late?

We regularise it: compute the penalties, prepare the outstanding filings and bring the record clean, then keep it that way. Late is fixable; ignored is what becomes expensive.

Do dormant companies still have obligations?

Yes. Dormant companies still file annual returns and tax returns, though simplified. If the company has genuinely finished its purpose, a clean strike-off often costs less than years of dormant compliance.

Who is legally responsible for compliance?

The directors, personally. A good secretary keeps directors out of that firing line, which is precisely the service.

Can you monitor deadlines across a group?

Yes. Multi-entity groups get one consolidated compliance calendar so every company's dates are visible in one place.

What filings does my company need every year?

At minimum: financial statements prepared, annual return to ACRA within 7 months of year end, ECI within 3 months unless waived, and Form C-S or C by 30 November. GST and payroll filings run through the year alongside.

Do you remind us or actually do the filings?

We do the filings. Reminders only reach you when we need a signature or a decision. The deadline risk sits with our calendar, not your inbox.

My company missed filings before I joined you. What now?

We assess the arrears, file the overdue returns, and where reasonable apply for penalty remission with a clean-up plan. Regulators respond well to honest catch-ups.

Closing Down / Striking Off

How long does a strike-off take?

Around four to six months from application, including ACRA's gazette periods, provided the company is clean when we apply.

What must be settled first?

Outstanding taxes, employee obligations and creditor claims. The bank account is normally closed before applying, and final accounts prepared up to cessation.

Strike-off or winding up: which do I need?

Strike-off suits dormant companies with nothing left to distribute. If there are assets for shareholders or any complexity, a members' voluntary winding up is the correct route.

Can a struck-off company be restored?

Yes, within six years by court order, which is also why directors should keep the company's records for five years after closure.

We stopped operating years ago but never closed. Is that a problem?

The filings kept falling due, so penalties have likely accrued. We compute the position, regularise the record and then close it properly, which almost always costs less than leaving it.

What is the difference between striking off and winding up?

Striking off suits solvent dormant companies with no disputes: cheap and administrative. Winding up is a formal liquidation for more complex or insolvent situations. We advise which applies and run the strike-off end to end.

What must be settled before striking off?

Outstanding filings, tax matters closed with IRAS, GST deregistration if applicable, bank accounts emptied and closed, and assets distributed. We run the checklist so nothing blocks the application.

Payroll & HR Services

When is CPF due each month?

CPF contributions are due by the 14th of the following month. Late payment attracts interest and possible composition, so our payroll runs are timed to never test the deadline.

When must IR8A forms be issued?

Employers must provide employees their IR8A by 1 March each year, and companies under the Auto-Inclusion Scheme submit electronically to IRAS by the same date. We prepare and file them as part of payroll.

How much does payroll outsourcing cost?

A fixed fee per headcount per month covering payslips, CPF submission and statutory filings. The written quote states it exactly, and it scales with your team size.

Are itemised payslips compulsory?

Yes. The Employment Act requires itemised payslips with prescribed details for covered employees. Ours are generated automatically with every run.

What is the Skills Development Levy?

SDL is a small monthly levy on all employees on top of CPF, capped per employee. It is easy to miss, so we compute and pay it within the payroll cycle.

How is leave encashment taxed?

Encashed leave is employment income and taxable to the employee, and it appears in the IR8A. We compute it correctly at resignation or year end.

Do you handle foreign worker levies and quotas?

Yes. Levy payments run with payroll, and we flag quota positions when your hiring plans approach the limits for your sector.

Who files IR21 when a foreign employee resigns?

The employer must file IR21 and withhold monies owed, generally at least one month before the employee leaves Singapore. We prepare it as soon as you tell us a departure is coming.

Payroll Processing

When do you need our payroll inputs?

A few working days before payday. We agree a monthly calendar so the run never rushes and your approval never happens at midnight.

Can you match our unusual pay structures?

Commission schemes, shift allowances, overtime at Employment Act rates and pro-rated months are standard fare. We encode your rules once and apply them consistently.

What are the CPF deadlines?

Contributions are due by the end of the month and payable by the fourteenth of the following month before penalties apply. Our calendar files well inside the window.

Do you handle payslips for foreign staff too?

Yes. Itemised payslips are required for all employees, and for pass holders we track work pass conditions and levies alongside.

Can employees see their own payslips?

Yes, through the employee self-service portal if you take the HRMS, or by secure individual delivery if you do not.

What happens when payday falls on a weekend?

The calendar we agree handles it: files are prepared early so salaries land on the working day you choose, consistently.

Can you run payroll for just two employees?

Yes. Small payrolls benefit most from outsourcing because the compliance burden is identical at any size. Per-headcount pricing keeps it proportionate.

How do bonuses and commissions affect CPF?

They are wages for CPF purposes with ordinary and additional wage ceilings applied. We compute the split correctly so contributions are neither over nor under paid.

What records must employers keep for payroll?

Employee records and payslip details for prescribed periods under the Employment Act, plus CPF and tax filings. Our system keeps the archive audit-ready.

Can employees see their own payslips online?

Yes, through a self-service portal with payslips, leave balances and IR8A forms, which removes most month-end HR questions.

IR8A / IR21 Filing

What is the IR8A deadline?

Employee income information must reach IRAS by 1 March each year. AIS employers submit electronically and the data pre-fills employees' returns.

Which employers must use the Auto-Inclusion Scheme?

Employers with five or more employees, or those IRAS has notified. Smaller employers can join voluntarily, and we generally recommend it.

When must IR21 be filed?

Generally at least one month before a foreign employee ceases employment or leaves Singapore, with final salary withheld until IRAS issues clearance.

What if we release the final salary before clearance?

The employer becomes liable for the employee's outstanding tax. This is the single most expensive payroll mistake we see, and the easiest to prevent.

We missed a filing. What now?

File immediately: penalties grow with delay. We prepare late submissions and correspond with IRAS on your behalf to contain the damage.

Do benefits-in-kind need reporting?

Yes, through Appendix 8A: housing, cars, insurance premiums and similar benefits all carry taxable values that must be computed and reported. We handle the valuations.

Which employees need an IR8A?

All employees employed in Singapore during the year including directors, part-timers and those who resigned. Auto-Inclusion submission goes to IRAS electronically where the scheme applies.

What benefits-in-kind must be reported?

Housing, car benefits, share schemes and certain reimbursements have prescribed valuation rules and appendices. We compute and attach the right forms so employees are taxed correctly.

When is IR21 tax clearance required?

When a non-citizen employee ceases employment or leaves Singapore for more than 3 months, generally filed at least one month before departure with monies withheld until clearance.

What if we filed IR8A with an error?

Amendment submissions correct the record with IRAS. We prepare them quickly and inform the affected employee so their assessment is right.

Digital HRMS Implementation

Which HRMS do you implement?

We are vendor-neutral. Headcount, shift patterns, budget and integrations drive the choice, and several pre-approved options carry PSG support for qualifying SMEs.

How long does implementation take?

A typical SME setup runs two to four weeks including data migration, workflow setup and staff training.

Does it link to payroll?

Yes. Approved leave and claims flow straight into the monthly payroll run, which is half the value of the system.

Will older or non-desk staff cope with it?

The tools we deploy are consumer-simple and mobile-first, and we run short onboarding sessions. Adoption problems are almost always training problems, so we do the training.

Can it handle shift scheduling and attendance?

Yes, systems with rostering and clock-in modules exist for exactly that. F&B and retail teams are a common deployment for us.

Which HRMS platforms do you implement?

Cloud platforms suited to Singapore SMEs with local CPF and leave rules built in, such as Talenox, Payboy and HReasily. We recommend from your workflows and integrate with your accounting software.

How long does an HRMS implementation take?

Typically 2 to 4 weeks: setup, data migration, parallel run and go-live, timed to switch cleanly at a month boundary.

Will the HRMS talk to our accounting system?

Yes. Payroll journals post automatically to Xero or QuickBooks so headcount cost lands in the books without re-keying.

Is our employee data secure in a cloud HRMS?

Reputable platforms encrypt data and control access per role, aligned with PDPA obligations. We configure permissions so people see only what their role needs.

Work Pass Application & Management

How is EP eligibility assessed?

Salary benchmarks plus the COMPASS points framework: qualifications, diversity and local employment support all count. We pre-score candidates before you commit to a hire.

How long do applications take?

EPs are typically processed within a few weeks; work permits are usually faster. Appeals take longer, which is why the first application matters most.

What are our obligations while employing pass holders?

Timely notifications of changes, levy payments where applicable, salary consistency with the application, and IR21 tax clearance when the employee eventually leaves.

What happens if an application is rejected?

We review the rejection grounds, strengthen the case, salary, role definition, supporting documents, and appeal where the case is genuinely arguable. Sometimes the honest advice is a different pass type.

Do quotas affect my hiring plan?

For S Passes and work permits, yes: your local workforce size sets the ceiling. We map the quota position before you recruit so the plan is real.

What is the difference between an EP and an S Pass?

The Employment Pass covers professionals meeting a salary and qualifications bar, while the S Pass covers mid-skilled roles with its own salary floor, quota and levy. We assess the realistic route before any application.

What is COMPASS?

The points framework EP applications must pass, scoring salary, qualifications, workforce diversity and local employment. We pre-score your candidate so surprises happen before filing rather than after.

Can you handle pass renewals and cancellations?

Yes. Renewals are diarised well ahead of expiry, and cancellations run alongside IR21 tax clearance when someone leaves.

Do dependants get passes too?

Eligible pass holders can sponsor Dependant Passes or LTVPs subject to salary thresholds. We include family applications in the same process.

Employee Self Service

Is employee data secure?

Access is per-employee with role-based controls, and sensitive data stays inside the HRMS platform under PDPA-compliant handling. Access is logged.

Does it work without the full HRMS?

Self-service is a module of the HRMS. Light plans exist for teams that only want payslips and leave, and can grow into the full system later.

Can managers approve on the go?

Yes, approvals work from the mobile app, which is where most of them happen in practice.

What about staff without company email?

Portals support personal-email or mobile-number logins, which covers shift and field staff cleanly.

How long does rollout take?

For an existing HRMS client, days. Standalone light deployments typically run one to two weeks including staff onboarding.

What can employees do in the self-service portal?

View payslips, apply for leave, submit claims with photos, download IR8A forms and update their own details, all from a phone.

Does self-service reduce HR admin?

Substantially. Leave approvals, claims and payslip questions stop flowing through one overloaded person and the records file themselves.

Can approval flows match our structure?

Yes. Approvers, backups and multi-step flows are configured to mirror how your teams actually report.

What happens when someone leaves the company?

Access is deactivated on their last day while their records remain properly archived for the retention period.

Advisory & Outsourcing

When does outsourcing make sense?

Usually when hiring a full finance team is premature but the founder is still doing the invoices at midnight. Outsourcing gives you the function without the headcount, and without the single point of failure a lone hire creates.

Do we lose control of our processes?

No. You keep approval rights and full visibility in the cloud systems. We do the processing work inside agreed service levels, and everything we do is documented.

How is this priced?

By scope and volume, quoted after the mapping sessions and fixed monthly thereafter. The parallel-run month is charged at the same rate so there is no incentive for us to rush the handover.

Can you help us claim digitalisation grants?

Where your project qualifies for schemes such as the Productivity Solutions Grant, we point it out and prepare the paperwork as part of the engagement. Eligibility depends on your entity and the specific solution.

What if we later want to bring the work in-house?

Then the documentation becomes your operations manual and we hand over in a structured way. Several clients have graduated exactly like that. It is a good outcome, not a failure of the engagement.

What is the difference between bookkeeping and finance operations outsourcing?

Bookkeeping records what happened. Finance operations outsourcing also runs the processes around it: invoicing, payments, collections, claims and approvals. You keep the decisions, we run the machinery.

When should an SME outsource instead of hiring in-house?

Below roughly one full-time finance workload, outsourcing usually wins: no hiring risk, no leave gaps, senior review included. When daily on-site presence starts to matter, we help you hire and hand over.

Can you act as our part-time CFO?

We provide controller-level review, cash forecasting and board-ready reporting on a scheduled basis. For strategic fundraising work we tell you honestly whether you need a dedicated CFO instead.

Are there grants for digitalising our finance function?

Grant schemes for SME digitalisation exist and change over time, with pre-approved solutions and conditions. We point you to what currently applies and handle the accounting side of any claim.

How does a process handover work?

We document your current process, run it in parallel for a cycle, then take it over fully with agreed turnaround times. Nothing is switched off until the new rhythm is proven.

Can we scale the engagement up or down?

Yes. Scope is reviewed whenever your business changes, and the fee moves with it in writing. No lock-ins beyond the notice period.

Finance Operations Outsourcing

How do handovers work?

We document your current process, agree service levels, and run parallel for one cycle before taking over fully. Nothing switches until the parallel month reconciles.

What visibility do we keep?

Total. Everything lives in your cloud systems and you see the same screens we do, in real time.

Can we scale up or down?

Yes. Scope flexes with volume and fees adjust transparently with it, reviewed quarterly.

Who chases our debtors, and how firmly?

We do, on a cadence and tone you approve. Reminder sequences are agreed upfront so collections stay effective without bruising customer relationships.

What service levels do you commit to?

Turnaround times for invoice processing, payment-run preparation and query responses are written into the engagement and reported against monthly.

What does finance operations outsourcing include?

The running of your finance processes: invoicing, payables, receivables chasing, claims, payments preparation and reporting, under agreed turnaround times, with your approvals kept in your hands.

Do we lose control of payments?

No. We prepare, you approve. Bank authorisation stays with your signatories and every payment run comes with a summary you can scan in a minute.

How do you hand over if we later build an in-house team?

With documented processes and a parallel-run transition. Everything we operate is written down, so your hire inherits a manual rather than a mystery.

Business Process Outsourcing

Which processes suit outsourcing?

Repeatable, rules-based work with clear inputs and outputs. We assess suitability honestly before quoting, and we decline scopes that will not survive outsourcing.

How do you ensure quality?

Documented procedures, four-eye checks on defined steps and monthly SLA reporting. Quality is engineered into the process, not inspected in afterwards.

Where is the work performed?

By our team in Singapore, inside your systems. Your data does not leave your environment.

How do fees work?

By volume bands agreed upfront, reviewed quarterly. Predictable for you, honest for us.

What happens to our existing staff?

Usually they are freed for higher-value work rather than replaced: the queue of admin was the problem, not the people. We are happy to design the scope around your team.

Which processes do SMEs outsource most?

Accounts payable, receivables chasing, claims processing and payroll, because they are rhythmic, rule-based and painful to staff for. We take the rhythm and leave you the judgment calls.

How do you keep quality on outsourced processes?

Documented procedures, maker-checker review and monthly service reporting. Errors get root-caused, not just fixed.

Is BPO suitable for a company of our size?

If a process eats hours weekly and follows rules, yes. The scope is sized to your volume, and small firms often benefit first because every hour matters more.

How is pricing structured for BPO?

Fixed monthly per process and volume band, reviewed when volumes shift. No hourly meters.

Technology Consulting

We are not technical. Is that a problem?

That is exactly who this service is for. We choose proven tools and explain them in plain English, and we stay for the training.

Can you build our company website?

Yes. A clean professional site with your domain and email, typically delivered within weeks, often bundled with incorporation for new companies.

What grants can SMEs use?

The Productivity Solutions Grant supports many pre-approved solutions; eligibility depends on your entity and the solution. We check before you spend, not after.

Do you take vendor commissions?

No commissions that would tilt the advice. Our fee comes from you, so the recommendation serves you.

Can you connect systems we already own?

Usually yes. Most modern platforms integrate natively or through middleware, and removing double entry is typically the highest-return project we do.

What does technology consulting for finance mean?

Choosing and wiring together the accounting, payroll, HR, POS and inventory tools so data flows without re-keying. Less software, fewer subscriptions, cleaner books.

Can you integrate our POS with the accounting system?

Usually yes, either natively or through middleware, so daily sales post automatically. Where no integration exists we design a light manual bridge that takes minutes.

How do you choose software to recommend?

From your workflows and staff reality, not vendor commissions. We shortlist, demo with your actual scenarios and let the fit decide.

What does a typical finance systems project cost?

Scoped fixed fees by project size, quoted in writing after a short diagnostic. Many SME integrations are smaller projects than owners fear.

Bookkeeping & Accounting Services

How much does bookkeeping cost?

Fees are fixed monthly and based on transaction volume. After a short look at your records we quote precisely. No hourly billing and no surprises: the fee only changes when your business does.

Can you clean up backlogged accounts?

Yes. Backlog clean-ups are one of the most common ways clients join us. We reconstruct the ledgers, reconcile the bank and bring filings current before switching to a normal monthly rhythm. The clean-up is quoted as a one-time project so your monthly fee stays predictable.

Do I need an audit?

Most SMEs qualify as a small company and are audit-exempt: any two of revenue at or under S$10m, assets at or under S$10m, or 50 or fewer employees, held for two consecutive years. We assess your position and prepare everything your auditor needs if an audit does apply.

Xero or QuickBooks: which will you use?

Whichever fits your business. We are certified partners of both. Xero tends to suit service businesses and multi-entity groups; QuickBooks is often stronger for inventory-heavy operations. We recommend after seeing how you actually work.

How quickly will I see my numbers each month?

On a standard calendar your management pack arrives within two weeks of month end, assuming bank feeds and documents flow normally. Clients who need faster closes can have them: it is a matter of agreeing the document rhythm.

We already have an accountant. Is switching painful?

Less than you expect. Professional handovers between accountants are routine: we request the records directly, reconcile what we receive and flag any gaps before they become your problem. Most switches complete within a month.

Do you also handle corporate tax filing?

We prepare the year-end schedules and financial statements your tax filing is built on, and we coordinate directly with your tax agent. Where we act as your tax agent too, ECI and Form C-S deadlines are diarised alongside everything else.

Corporate Secretarial Services

Does my small company really need a corporate secretary?

Yes. Every Singapore company must appoint one within six months of incorporation regardless of size, and the position cannot be left vacant for more than six months. The secretary must be a Singapore resident.

Can the sole director be the company secretary?

No. A sole director cannot also act as the company secretary. This is one of the most common reasons single-founder companies engage an external secretary like us.

What happens if I miss an annual return?

ACRA imposes late-filing penalties that increase with delay, and persistent default can lead to prosecution of directors or strike-off of the company. If you are already late, we compute what is owed, file the outstanding returns and bring the record clean.

What is the register of registrable controllers?

A statutory register of the individuals or entities that ultimately own or control the company, typically those holding more than 25 percent of shares or voting rights. Companies must keep it current and lodge it with ACRA. We maintain it as part of the engagement.

Do we need to hold a physical AGM?

Usually not. Private companies can dispense with AGMs by passing written resolutions, provided financial statements are circulated within the required timeline. We prepare the resolutions so the formality is handled without a meeting.

Can you take over from my current secretary?

Yes. The change is a simple filing and we coordinate the handover of registers and records directly with the outgoing secretary. Your only involvement is signing the appointment papers.

Payroll Services

How do you charge for payroll?

A fixed fee per employee per month covering computation, payslips, CPF submission and standard reporting. Year-end IR8A preparation is included. Headcount changes simply adjust the fee.

Is my staff data safe with you?

Payroll data is held in access-controlled systems and handled under our PDPA obligations. Only your assigned team can view it, and access is logged.

Can you handle both local and foreign employees?

Yes. CPF for citizens and PRs, work pass conditions and levies for foreign staff, and IR21 tax clearance when a pass holder leaves. Mixed workforces are the norm among our clients.

What if we pay commissions or run shifts?

Commission schemes, shift allowances, overtime at Employment Act rates and pro-rated months are all standard fare. We encode your rules once and apply them consistently every month.

When is CPF actually due?

Contributions for a month are due by the last day of that month and must be paid by the fourteenth of the following month before penalties apply. Our calendar submits well inside the window.

Can payroll link to our accounting?

Yes. The monthly payroll journal posts into your Xero or QuickBooks file automatically, so the books agree with the payslips without anyone retyping figures.

Industries

Consumer Businesses

Can you reconcile marketplace payouts?

Yes. Platforms net off fees before paying you; we rebuild the gross picture per channel so margins and GST are correct. This is daily work for us across Shopee, Lazada, Amazon and delivery apps.

How do you handle daily cash takings?

Daily sales reports reconcile to banking-in and float counts on a fixed rhythm, so discrepancies surface in days rather than at year end.

Do clinics have special requirements?

Yes. Panel schemes, insurance and CHAS claims each settle differently. We structure the books so every revenue stream reconciles to its statement.

Can you show profit per outlet?

Outlet-level reporting is our standard format for multi-location clients, with a consolidated group view on top.

Is my e-commerce business GST-liable?

Once taxable turnover exceeds S$1 million registration is compulsory, and marketplace sales count. We monitor the threshold and handle registration before it becomes a problem.

Which POS systems do you work with?

Any that export data, and most modern systems integrate directly with Xero or QuickBooks. We set up the feed as part of onboarding.

Do consumer businesses need daily bookkeeping?

Daily sales capture with weekly reconciliation is the sweet spot for most. The point is catching till and platform discrepancies while they are days old, not months.

How do you handle peak season volume spikes?

Fixed fees are scoped to your realistic annual pattern, so December does not generate a surprise invoice. The team simply absorbs the seasonality.

Can you support multiple brands under one company?

Yes. Brands or outlets are tracked as segments so each shows its own performance inside one legal entity, or across several.

What consumer KPIs do you report?

Sales per outlet or channel, gross margin, stock turns, staff cost ratios and cash cover, chosen with you and kept consistent month to month.

Retail Accounting

Can you reconcile our POS system with the bank?

Yes. We work with common Singapore POS and payment providers and reconcile gross sales, fees and settlement lags so the bank always matches the till.

How do you treat vouchers and returns for GST?

Vouchers, refunds and exchanges each have specific GST treatment. We set the rules once in your accounting system and the treatment stays consistent.

Can you report profit per outlet?

Yes. Sales, staff costs and rent are tagged by outlet so the monthly report shows each location on its own line.

We hold a lot of stock. How is that handled?

Cost of sales is tracked against purchases and periodic counts. Shrinkage and slow-moving stock appear in the report instead of hiding in year-end surprises.

What does retail bookkeeping cost?

A fixed monthly fee scoped to transaction volume and outlet count. It changes only when your business does.

Which POS systems do you work with?

Common Singapore retail systems including Qashier, StoreHub, Shopify POS and EPOS, reconciled to the bank through their settlement reports.

How do you catch till discrepancies?

Weekly reconciliation of POS totals against banked amounts, with variances flagged while staff rosters still make investigation possible.

Can you track gift cards and store credits?

Yes. They are liabilities until redeemed, tracked so outstanding balances are known and GST hits at the right moment.

Do you handle consignment arrangements?

Yes. Consignment stock stays off your balance sheet until sold with commission flows booked correctly for both sides.

E-commerce Accounting

Which platforms do you support?

All major ones in Singapore including Shopee, Lazada, Amazon, Qoo10, Shopify, WooCommerce and TikTok Shop, plus Stripe and PayPal gateways.

How do you handle platform fees?

We book gross sales and each fee type separately rather than just recording the net deposit, so margins and GST are correct and you can compare channels fairly.

Do I need to charge GST on overseas sales?

Exports are generally zero-rated with the right documentation. We set the tax codes per channel and destination so it happens automatically.

Can you work with my inventory software?

Yes. We integrate common inventory tools with Xero or QuickBooks, or run a clean periodic method if you prefer to keep it simple.

When do I need to register for GST?

Generally when taxable turnover passes S$1 million, with some nuances for imported services and low-value goods. We monitor your run rate and flag it before the threshold arrives.

Can you reconcile TikTok Shop payouts?

Yes. TikTok Shop settlements reconcile the same way as other marketplaces: gross orders, less each fee type, to the net deposit, every cycle.

How are returns and refunds booked?

As revenue reversals with the matching fee adjustments, netted correctly for GST, so sales figures reflect what you actually kept.

What about stock sitting in overseas warehouses?

Inventory in fulfilment centres abroad stays on your books with location tracking, and cross-border movements get the right GST and customs treatment.

Can you help with platform fee disputes?

The reconciliation itself surfaces overcharges and missing settlements, giving you the evidence trail platforms respond to.

Food & Beverage

Our takings are daily and messy. Can you cope?

Yes, daily-takings businesses are a specialty. POS feeds, cash floats and platform payouts each get their own reconciliation rhythm, so nothing drifts for long.

How do delivery platform fees affect GST?

You account for GST on the gross sale, not the net payout, and the platform commission is your expense. Getting this wrong is the most common F&B GST error we correct.

Can you show profit per outlet?

Outlet P&L is our standard format for multi-outlet clients, with the group view on top. Weak outlets become visible in months, not years.

Do you understand central kitchen structures?

Yes, including production costing and the inter-company charging between the kitchen entity and outlets that keeps both management numbers and tax clean.

What about service charge and staff payroll?

Service charge distribution, shift-based payroll, part-timers and CPF are all handled within our payroll service, integrated with the books.

Can you help when we open the next outlet?

Yes, from entity structure and POS setup through to the outlet appearing as its own P&L from the first day of trading.

How should tips and service charge be accounted for?

Service charge is revenue with GST implications and its distribution to staff is wages with CPF consequences. We set the flow up correctly once and it stays clean.

Can you value our central kitchen output?

Yes. Inter-outlet transfers are priced on a documented basis so outlet margins are honest and the kitchen entity is neither a hidden profit nor a hidden loss.

What is a healthy food cost percentage?

Most F&B concepts target food costs between the high twenties and mid thirties as a percentage of sales, varying by format. What matters is tracking yours weekly against your own target.

Do delivery platform fees attract GST?

Platform commissions are generally taxable supplies to you with input tax claimable when registered. We book gross sales and fees separately so both GST directions are right.

Chain Store Group Accounting

Each outlet is a separate company. Can you handle that?

Yes. Multi-entity groups are routine for us. Each company gets clean books and the group gets one consolidated view.

How do you charge for a group?

Per entity with scoped volume, agreed in advance. Groups typically save because the entities share one team and one method.

Can you handle central kitchen charging?

Yes. We set the inter-company basis with you once, document it, and apply it every month so both management truth and tax positions hold.

Do all entities need audits?

Not necessarily. Small company audit exemption applies per entity and group thresholds matter. We assess your structure and tell you exactly which entities need what.

Can you consolidate across borders?

Yes, we consolidate Singapore groups with regional subsidiaries and handle the currency translation involved.

Can outlets have different financial year ends?

They can but should not. We align year ends across the group where possible, which simplifies consolidation, audit thresholds and tax.

How do franchised outlets differ in the books?

Franchise fees, royalties and marketing fund contributions each have specific revenue or expense treatments. We keep franchisor and franchisee flows clean and separate.

What triggers audit for a group?

Group-level thresholds: a small group must meet 2 of the 3 small-company criteria on a consolidated basis. Adding outlets can tip the group over, and we monitor the trajectory.

Can head office costs be shared across outlets?

Yes, on a documented allocation basis, so outlet profitability is honest and inter-company charges withstand tax scrutiny.

Medical & Dental Clinic Accounting

Do you understand CHAS and Medisave claims?

Yes. We reconcile submitted claims against remittances by scheme, so unpaid or rejected claims are chased while they are fresh.

Is GST chargeable on our services?

Many medical services are standard-rated with specific exceptions, and clinic retail sales differ again. We set the treatment per revenue type and keep it consistent.

Can you pay our locums correctly?

Yes. Locum arrangements have specific CPF and tax treatments depending on engagement terms. We set them up properly and run them monthly.

We are two doctors in one clinic company. Any issues?

Shared-practice structures need clear expense and drawing rules. We set the framework so year-end is smooth and both parties see fair numbers.

What does clinic accounting cost?

A fixed monthly fee scoped to claim volume and headcount, agreed before we start.

How is revenue split between consultation and dispensing?

Consultation, procedures and medicine sales are tracked as separate revenue lines, which sharpens margins and keeps GST treatment per line correct.

Can you handle multiple doctors sharing one clinic?

Yes. Fee-sharing and cost-sharing arrangements are modelled in the books so each practitioner sees a fair, documented position.

What equipment purchases qualify for capital allowances?

Most clinical equipment qualifies, sometimes with accelerated claims available. We time significant purchases with the tax computation in mind.

Do you work with clinic management software?

Yes. Daily summaries from systems like Plato and Clinic Assist feed the books, so the front desk never double-enters anything.

Early Childhood & Education Accounting

How should term fees be recognised?

Spread over the period the classes are delivered. We set deferred revenue up in your software so it happens automatically each month.

Can you reconcile ECDA subsidies?

Yes. Subsidy payouts are matched against enrolment and fee records each cycle so shortfalls are caught and queried early.

How are deposits treated?

As liabilities until they are refunded or applied, never as income. We track them by child so refunds are painless.

Is GST charged on tuition fees?

Private education services are generally standard-rated once you are GST registered. We confirm the treatment for your licence type and set it consistently.

Do preschools need audits?

It depends on your structure and licensing requirements. We assess and prepare audited or unaudited statements accordingly.

How are enrichment class packages recognised?

Packages are deferred and recognised as sessions are delivered, so revenue matches teaching, and unredeemed sessions are visible as a liability.

What happens to fees when a child withdraws?

Refundable portions are settled from the deferred balance and any forfeiture is recognised per your terms. The books already know the number.

Are education businesses GST-exempt?

Generally no for private operators; approved institutions differ. We confirm your specific status rather than assume.

Can you handle SSG or ECDA funding paperwork?

We reconcile funding disbursements against enrolment and prepare the financial reporting that funded operators must maintain.

Commercial & Industrial

Do you handle multi-currency books?

Yes. Foreign purchases, sales and revaluations are routine for our trading clients, with month-end rates applied consistently and exchange differences correctly split.

What is landed cost and why does it matter?

The true cost of goods including freight, insurance and duties. Without it, gross margin is overstated and pricing decisions are made on fiction. We build it into inventory costing.

We are a pure holding company. Do we still file?

Yes. Holding companies prepare financial statements, file annual returns and tax returns like any other company, and often need consolidation and XBRL as well.

Can you handle our whole group across industries?

Yes, one team across the entities is precisely the point: consistent policies, one compliance calendar, no gaps between firms.

How is GST handled on exports?

Exports are generally zero-rated with documentation requirements to match. We keep the paperwork discipline so the zero-rating survives an IRAS review.

Can you handle project-based revenue recognition?

Yes. Engineering and services contracts are recognised over time on a measurable basis, so months are comparable and no cliff appears at completion.

How do you deal with multi-currency trading?

Invoices, bank accounts and revaluations run natively in the software with realised and unrealised differences reported separately each month.

Do you understand our licensing and permits?

We track the financial side of sector permits and flag renewals that carry fees or conditions, and we work alongside your industry consultants where regulation is technical.

Can you support tenders with financial documents?

Yes. Tender packs often need recent statements, solvency declarations and specific ratios. From clean monthly books these are produced in days.

Wholesale Accounting

Can you track landed cost properly?

Yes. Freight, duty and insurance are allocated to stock so product margins reflect what goods truly cost to bring in.

How do you help with slow-paying customers?

A weekly aged receivables report with credit terms flagged, so your team chases the right accounts before they become bad debts.

Do you do stock counts?

We reconcile your counts against the books and investigate variances. Physical counting stays with your team; the analysis is ours.

Some of our sales are exports. GST treatment?

Exports are zero-rated with the right documentation kept. We set the codes and remind you what paperwork each shipment needs.

What does wholesale bookkeeping cost?

A fixed monthly fee scoped to document volume, agreed before we begin.

Can you manage credit insurance in the books?

Yes. Insured receivables, premiums and claims are tracked so cover matches exposure and claims get made in time.

How do volume rebates get accounted for?

Supplier rebates accrue as earned against the related purchases, not when the cheque arrives, so margins by period stay honest.

Do you track stock by warehouse?

Yes. Multi-location inventory keeps each warehouse honest and makes shrinkage location-specific instead of a mystery.

Can you support consignment sales to retailers?

Yes. Goods on consignment remain your stock until sold through, with retailer statements reconciled monthly.

Import & Export Accounting

Can you handle the Major Exporter Scheme?

Yes. We account for MES imports correctly and keep the records that scheme audits expect.

How do you treat exchange differences?

Realised differences hit the profit line and unrealised ones are revalued monthly and disclosed separately, so you see trading profit and currency effect apart.

What documents support zero-rated exports?

Export permits, bills of lading and commercial invoices within the prescribed timeframes. We tell you exactly what to keep per shipment type.

Can you work in multiple currencies?

Yes. Xero and QuickBooks multi-currency are set up properly from day one including bank feeds in foreign currencies.

Do you liaise with our freight forwarders?

Where needed, yes, mainly to get cost documents flowing monthly instead of at year end.

What is TradeNet and do you work with it?

TradeNet is Singapore's trade permit system. We reconcile permit data and duties against supplier and freight invoices so landed costs are complete.

How is import GST recovered?

Import GST paid at the border is claimable as input tax for registered traders with the right permits kept. Schemes like MES remove the cash outlay for qualifying importers.

Can you handle free trade agreement documentation financially?

We track the duty savings FTA certificates produce and keep the cost records that origin audits may request.

How do you treat goods in transit at year end?

Ownership terms decide whether in-transit stock is yours at the cutoff. We apply the incoterms so year-end stock and payables are right.

Agency Accounting

Can you show profit per client?

Yes. Revenue and direct costs are tagged by client and project so the report ranks accounts by real margin.

How are retainers recognised?

Over the service period rather than on invoice date, so months are comparable and renewals are priced on truth.

We pay overseas freelancers. Anything to watch?

Certain payments to non-residents attract withholding tax. We identify which of yours do and file the S45 forms on time.

Media spend passes through us. How is that booked?

As recoverable disbursements rather than revenue and cost, unless your contracts make you principal. We check the terms and book it correctly for both margin and GST.

What does agency accounting cost?

Fixed monthly, scoped to volume and reporting depth, agreed in advance.

How do you handle media volume rebates?

Agency volume bonuses accrue as earned with client-share obligations recognised, keeping both margin and client trust intact.

Can you track staff utilisation financially?

Yes. Payroll cost against client revenue by team shows recovery rates, which is the number that actually prices your retainers.

What about project overruns?

Work in progress against fixed-fee projects is monitored monthly so overruns show up mid-project while scope conversations are still possible.

Do you handle withholding tax on overseas platforms?

Payments to some non-resident platforms and talents attract withholding tax. We identify which and file S45 on time.

Engineering Services Accounting

How is revenue recognised on long projects?

Over time based on progress, not when invoices happen to be raised. We set a measurable basis and apply it consistently.

Can you track retention sums?

Yes. Retentions are recorded per contract with their release dates so the money is claimed when due instead of forgotten.

Do you handle foreign worker payroll?

Yes, including levies, housing deductions where applicable and timely CPF for local staff.

When is GST charged on progress claims?

Generally on the earlier of payment certificate or payment for progressive supplies. We time the tax points correctly.

Can you report per project?

Yes. Each project carries its own revenue, cost and margin line beside the company-level view.

How do you cost variation orders?

VOs get their own budget lines within the project so approved variations bill promptly and unapproved work becomes visible cost, not silent loss.

Can you track plant and equipment per project?

Yes. Equipment charges allocate to projects on usage so tenders reflect true machine economics.

What about performance bonds?

Bonds and bankers guarantees are tracked with expiry dates and the facilities that secure them, visible rather than forgotten.

How is retention shown in cash forecasts?

As receivable on its contractual release dates, so the forecast tells the truth about when project cash actually arrives.

Manufacturing Accounting

Can you do product-level costing?

Yes. Material, labour and allocated overhead per product line, with margins ranked so pricing decisions have a base.

How is WIP handled at month end?

Work in progress is valued consistently each month so profit is not distorted by where the production cycle happened to pause.

What about machinery purchases?

Plant and machinery attract capital allowances including enhanced options in some years. We claim the most favourable treatment available.

Can you report yield or wastage?

Yes. Input against output per run or period, with variances flagged for the operations team.

Do you integrate with production software?

Where your system exports data, yes. Otherwise we design a light monthly capture that does not burden the floor.

Can you calculate cost per unit produced?

Yes. Materials, direct labour and allocated overhead divide over output so unit economics are known per product and period.

How do you treat production wastage?

Normal wastage folds into product cost while abnormal loss is separated and investigated, so pricing carries the right burden.

What incentives exist for manufacturers?

Capital allowance acceleration and scheme-based incentives appear and change over time. We flag what your investment plans may qualify for and account for claims properly.

Can you support costing for export pricing?

Yes. Landed cost to destination including freight and duties feeds export price decisions per market.

Investment Holding Accounting

Are our expenses deductible?

Only certain expenses are deductible for investment holding companies and only against matching income. We classify them correctly through the year.

How are dividends from our subsidiaries taxed?

Singapore one-tier dividends arrive tax-exempt in the holding company. Foreign dividends depend on remittance and exemption conditions we assess for you.

Do we need an audit?

Depends on group size thresholds. Many pure holding structures qualify for audit exemption; we confirm against your actual numbers.

Can you handle fair value of our portfolio?

Yes. Listed positions are marked to market and unquoted investments carried under the appropriate standard with the notes done properly.

We plan to wind one entity down. Can you help?

Yes. We prepare final accounts and support the strike-off through our corporate secretarial team.

What is Section 13 exemption for investment income?

Certain fund and investment structures enjoy specific exemptions with conditions. Whether any apply to you depends on structure and activity, which we assess rather than assume.

How are unrealised gains taxed?

Generally not, since Singapore does not tax capital gains, but classification between capital and revenue matters and we document positions accordingly.

Can you administer dividend distributions?

Yes. Solvency, resolutions and one-tier documentation handled with our corporate secretarial team in one motion.

What records do family-owned holding companies need?

The same statutory records as any company plus clean documentation of loans to and from related parties, which we keep current to avoid tax complications.

Property Holding Accounting

Residential and commercial rents differ for GST?

Yes. Residential rent is exempt while commercial rent is standard-rated once registered. Mixed portfolios need apportionment, which we set up properly.

Fair value or cost model?

Both are permitted with different consequences for reporting. We advise based on your financing and exit plans and apply it consistently.

How is rental income taxed?

As a rental business with its own deduction rules for interest, repairs and agent fees. We prepare the computation and claim what is claimable.

Can you track multiple properties separately?

Yes. Every property gets its own profit line including its share of financing costs.

We hold via several SPVs. Can you manage all?

Yes. Multi-entity property structures share one team and one method, with consolidation if you want the portfolio view.

How is rental deposit money treated?

Deposits are liabilities held for tenants, not income, and are tracked per lease so hand-backs are painless.

Can you handle strata and maintenance funds?

Yes. MCST contributions, sinking fund payments and recoverable outgoings are allocated per property with tenant recharges tracked.

What financing costs are deductible for rentals?

Interest on loans funding income-producing property is generally deductible against that rental income within specific rules we apply.

How do you handle a property sale in the books?

Disposal accounting, capital versus revenue assessment and GST treatment where applicable, prepared alongside the completion timeline.

Non-Profit & Associations

Do societies need audited accounts?

It depends on your constitution and size; many societies need at least an examined statement presented at the AGM. We advise on your specific duties and prepare what the constitution requires.

How do you handle restricted funds?

Each restricted or designated fund is tracked separately from general funds, so every dollar can be traced from receipt to use. That trail is exactly what donors and regulators ask for.

Can you work with our volunteer treasurer?

Gladly. We do the heavy lifting; the treasurer stays informed and in control, and handovers between committees stop being a crisis.

What filings do registered charities face?

Annual submissions to the Commissioner of Charities including financial statements and governance disclosures, with requirements scaling by size and IPC status. We keep the calendar and prepare the pack.

Are donations to us automatically tax-deductible?

No, only donations to organisations with IPC status attract tax deductions, and IPC status carries its own compliance conditions. We help you understand and maintain the obligations.

Can you help a new society or charity get set up properly?

Yes, from the initial registration through the first chart of accounts and compliance calendar, so good habits start on day one.

What accounting standard applies to charities?

Registered charities generally apply the Charities Accounting Standard or FRS depending on their circumstances. We prepare accounts in the framework your regulator expects.

How are restricted funds shown in accounts?

Each restricted or designated fund is tracked and disclosed separately from general funds, so trustees can see exactly what is spendable.

Do non-profits pay GST?

Non-profits can still need GST registration if taxable supplies cross the threshold, and grants and donations have specific treatments. We assess your income mix properly.

Can you train our volunteer treasurer?

Yes. We keep the books and give the treasurer a monthly walkthrough, so oversight stays with the committee while the labour sits with us.

Religious Organisation Accounting

Do you work with charities and IPCs?

Yes. We prepare accounts under the Charities Accounting Standard where applicable and support the annual submissions to the Commissioner of Charities.

Can you handle restricted funds?

Yes. Each restricted or designated fund is tracked separately with its own balance and movement report.

Our treasurer changes every two years. Problem?

Not with us in place. The books, controls and calendars live with our team, so a new treasurer inherits order rather than archaeology.

Do religious organisations pay tax?

Registered charities enjoy income tax exemption, while some commercial activities may still be taxable. We assess and file what is required.

Can you help with donation controls?

Yes. We recommend simple dual-control and receipting procedures that fit volunteer teams.

Who signs off charity financial statements?

The board or trustees approve the statements, and depending on size an audit or independent examination applies. We prepare the pack and guide the approval flow.

What is the annual submission to the Commissioner of Charities?

The annual report, financial statements and governance evaluation checklist within prescribed deadlines. We prepare the financial components and keep the calendar.

How are donations-in-kind recorded?

At fair value where measurable, with clear notes. We set a practical policy so recording is consistent.

Can tax-deductible receipts be issued for all donations?

Only IPC-status organisations issue tax-deductible receipts and only for qualifying gifts. We keep the register that supports every receipt issued.

Society & Association Accounting

What do societies file annually?

An annual return to the Registry of Societies with accounts, on top of AGM requirements in your constitution. We keep both fed with clean numbers.

Can you track grants?

Yes. Each grant is tracked from award to utilisation with the documentation funders ask for.

Do societies pay income tax?

Societies are taxed on specific income types depending on member versus non-member dealings. We assess your mix and file accordingly.

Our records are in shoeboxes. Can you rebuild?

Yes. We reconstruct from bank statements and records, then set a simple rhythm so it never regresses.

Can you present at our AGM?

We prepare the statements and briefing notes; presenting alongside your treasurer can be arranged when it helps.

Do societies need audits?

The constitution and the Societies regulations decide, with many requiring auditors appointed at AGM. We prepare accounts to whatever assurance level applies.

How are life memberships accounted for?

Life membership fees are typically recognised over an estimated membership period or per your constitution, disclosed consistently.

Can you handle sinking funds for clubhouses?

Yes. Designated funds for premises are tracked separately so the committee always knows what is reserved.

What happens financially when a society dissolves?

Assets are applied per the constitution after liabilities, often to similar causes. We prepare the final accounts the dissolution process requires.

Sports Association Accounting

Can you handle SportSG grant reporting?

Yes. Grants are tracked by purpose with utilisation statements prepared in the format funders expect.

How should coaches be paid?

It depends whether they are employees or independent contractors, with different CPF and tax outcomes. We set the correct arrangement and run it.

Are membership fees taxable?

Member income and non-member income are treated differently for tax. We analyse the mix and prepare the right computation.

Can you report per programme?

Yes. Training programmes, competitions and facility operations each get their own income and cost lines.

We run on volunteers. Will this be heavy?

No. We designed the rhythm for volunteer committees: send us the documents monthly and everything else is handled.

How are tournament winnings and prizes handled?

Prize costs are event expenses with withholding considerations for some payments to non-residents. We book events so each stands on its own economics.

Can you track NSA funding separately?

Yes. Each funding source keeps its own tracking so acquittals to Sport Singapore or other funders reconcile line by line.

What about sponsorships in kind?

Sponsored goods and services are recognised at fair value with matching cost, so the accounts reflect the real scale of support.

Do you handle membership systems integration?

Where your club uses a membership platform we feed its billing into the books so subscriptions reconcile automatically.